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        <datestamp>2025-12-22T08:57:54Z</datestamp>
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  <identifier identifierType="DOI">10.18160/D90M-Z823</identifier>
  <creators>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Dias-Carneiro, Barbara</creatorName>
      <givenName>Barbara</givenName>
      <familyName>Dias-Carneiro</familyName>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Baukloh, Anja Corinne</creatorName>
      <givenName>Anja Corinne</givenName>
      <familyName>Baukloh</familyName>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Isidoro-Losada, Ana-Maria</creatorName>
      <givenName>Ana-Maria</givenName>
      <familyName>Isidoro-Losada</familyName>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Schreurs, Miranda</creatorName>
      <givenName>Miranda</givenName>
      <familyName>Schreurs</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="http://orcid.org/">0000-0002-6617-4906</nameIdentifier>
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  <titles>
    <title xml:lang="en-uk">Data in Climate Governance: Insights, challenges and innovations from Paris, Munich and Zurich</title>
  </titles>
  <publisher>ICOS ERIC - Carbon Portal</publisher>
  <publicationYear>2025</publicationYear>
  <resourceType resourceTypeGeneral="Report">Policy Brief</resourceType>
  <subjects>
    <subject>Policy Brief</subject>
    <subject>Cities</subject>
    <subject>Climate Action Plan</subject>
  </subjects>
  <dates>
    <date dateType="Submitted">2025-12-21</date>
    <date dateType="Issued">2025-12-21</date>
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  <descriptions>
    <description xml:lang="en-uk" descriptionType="Abstract">This policy brief examines the role of data collection, analysis, and use in supporting effective urban climate policy formulation and implementation. It draws on research conducted within the PAUL project (Pilot Applications in Urban Landscapes – Towards Integrated City Observatories for Greenhouse Gases, ICOS Cities). The study investigates how decision-makers in Munich, Zurich, and Paris currently use greenhouse gas emissions data to inform climate action and explores how improved or new data could enhance climate-related decision-making.

Guided by three core questions, the brief assesses the current state of urban climate data practices, identifies key data-related challenges faced by city-level policymakers, and explores opportunities to strengthen data provision, analysis, and management. By examining concrete examples from Paris, Munich, and Zurich—three comparatively wealthy European cities with advanced data infrastructures—the research provides insights into both existing good practices and remaining gaps in evidence-based climate governance.</description>
  </descriptions>
  <fundingReferences>
    <fundingReference>
      <funderName>European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme</funderName>
      <awardNumber awardURI="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101037319">101037319</awardNumber>
      <awardTitle>Pilot Application in Urban Landscapes - Towards integrated city observatories for greenhouse gases</awardTitle>
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