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  <identifier identifierType="DOI">10.13127/ESWUA/HFVALIDATED</identifier>
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      <creatorName nameType="Organizational">Upper Atmosphere Physics And Radiopropagation Working Group</creatorName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">https://ror.org/00qps9a02</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
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    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Cossari, Antonio</creatorName>
      <givenName>Antonio</givenName>
      <familyName>Cossari</familyName>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/00qps9a02" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
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    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Fontana, Giulio</creatorName>
      <givenName>Giulio</givenName>
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      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/00qps9a02" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
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    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Marcocci, Carlo</creatorName>
      <givenName>Carlo</givenName>
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      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/00qps9a02" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
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    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Pau, Silvia</creatorName>
      <givenName>Silvia</givenName>
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      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/00qps9a02" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Pezzopane, Michael</creatorName>
      <givenName>Michael</givenName>
      <familyName>Pezzopane</familyName>
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      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/00qps9a02" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Pica, Emanuele</creatorName>
      <givenName>Emanuele</givenName>
      <familyName>Pica</familyName>
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      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/00qps9a02" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Zuccheretti, Enrico</creatorName>
      <givenName>Enrico</givenName>
      <familyName>Zuccheretti</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1732-4557</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/00qps9a02" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
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  <titles>
    <title xml:lang="en">Electronic Space Weather upper atmosphere database (eSWua) - HF validated data</title>
    <title titleType="AlternativeTitle">eswua_iono_validated</title>
    <title titleType="Subtitle" xml:lang="en">Validated data and products from the Ionosondes of the INGV ionospheric monitoring network</title>
  </titles>
  <publisher publisherIdentifier="https://ror.org/00qps9a02" publisherIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org/">Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</publisher>
  <publicationYear>2020</publicationYear>
  <resourceType resourceTypeGeneral="Collection">Database of ionospheric sounding</resourceType>
  <subjects>
    <subject>Ionosphere</subject>
    <subject>Ionospheric validated data</subject>
    <subject>Ionospheric bullettins</subject>
    <subject>Ionospheric forecasting tables</subject>
    <subject>Space Weather</subject>
    <subject>Ionosonde</subject>
    <subject>Ionospheric parameters</subject>
    <subject>Ionospheric monitoring</subject>
  </subjects>
  <contributors>
    <contributor contributorType="RelatedPerson">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Bianchi, Cesidio</contributorName>
      <givenName>Cesidio</givenName>
      <familyName>Bianchi</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-5379</nameIdentifier>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="DataCurator">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Cossari, Antonio</contributorName>
      <givenName>Antonio</givenName>
      <familyName>Cossari</familyName>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="DataCurator">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Fontana, Giulio</contributorName>
      <givenName>Giulio</givenName>
      <familyName>Fontana</familyName>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="DataCurator">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Malagnini, Andrea</contributorName>
      <givenName>Andrea</givenName>
      <familyName>Malagnini</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4608-310X</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="DataManager">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Marcocci, Carlo</contributorName>
      <givenName>Carlo</givenName>
      <familyName>Marcocci</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4706-0337</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="RelatedPerson">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Meloni, Antonio</contributorName>
      <givenName>Antonio</givenName>
      <familyName>Meloni</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-401X</nameIdentifier>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="DataCurator">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Pau, Silvia</contributorName>
      <givenName>Silvia</givenName>
      <familyName>Pau</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4321-4546</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="Researcher">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Perrone, Loredana</contributorName>
      <givenName>Loredana</givenName>
      <familyName>Perrone</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4335-0345</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="Researcher">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Pezzopane, Michael</contributorName>
      <givenName>Michael</givenName>
      <familyName>Pezzopane</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5800-2322</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="DataManager">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Pica, Emanuele</contributorName>
      <givenName>Emanuele</givenName>
      <familyName>Pica</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6487-9945</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="Researcher">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Pietrella, Marco</contributorName>
      <givenName>Marco</givenName>
      <familyName>Pietrella</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9069-4090</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="Researcher">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Sabbagh, Dario</contributorName>
      <givenName>Dario</givenName>
      <familyName>Sabbagh</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7208-3381</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="Researcher">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Scotto, Carlo</contributorName>
      <givenName>Carlo</givenName>
      <familyName>Scotto</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9437-6775</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
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      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Romano, Vincenzo</contributorName>
      <givenName>Vincenzo</givenName>
      <familyName>Romano</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-4507</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
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    <contributor contributorType="RelatedPerson">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Zolesi, Bruno</contributorName>
      <givenName>Bruno</givenName>
      <familyName>Zolesi</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4910-560X</nameIdentifier>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="DataCurator">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Zuccheretti, Enrico</contributorName>
      <givenName>Enrico</givenName>
      <familyName>Zuccheretti</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1732-4557</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="ProjectMember">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Vecchi, Simone</contributorName>
      <givenName>Simone</givenName>
      <familyName>Vecchi</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4477-2902</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)</affiliation>
    </contributor>
    <contributor contributorType="RelatedPerson">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Tutone, Giuseppe</contributorName>
      <givenName>Giuseppe</givenName>
      <familyName>Tutone</familyName>
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      <contributorName nameType="Organizational">Istituto Nazionale Di Geofisica E Vulcanologia (INGV)</contributorName>
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  <dates>
    <date dateType="Issued">2020-08-01</date>
    <date dateType="Available">2020-08-01</date>
  </dates>
  <language>en</language>
  <relatedIdentifiers>
    <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="URL" relationType="IsPartOf" resourceTypeGeneral="Collection">http://eswua.ingv.it</relatedIdentifier>
    <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="IsDerivedFrom" resourceTypeGeneral="Collection">10.13127/eswua/hf</relatedIdentifier>
    <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="IsSupplementTo" resourceTypeGeneral="Collection">10.13127/eswua/hf</relatedIdentifier>
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  <sizes>
    <size>100 MB (dimension of the whole database of validated data)</size>
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    <format>application/json</format>
    <format>application/pdf</format>
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  <rightsList>
    <rights rightsURI="info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess">Open Access</rights>
    <rights rightsURI="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" rightsIdentifier="cc-by-4.0" rightsIdentifierScheme="SPDX" schemeURI="https://spdx.org/licenses/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</rights>
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  <descriptions>
    <description xml:lang="en" descriptionType="Abstract">The eSWua (electronic Space Weather upper atmosphere) database contains the near-real time and historical data originated from the instruments of the INGV Ionospheric Monitoring Network, and all the related scientific products developed by the &quot;Upper atmosphere physics and radiopropagation&quot; INGV group.
This collection cover the manually validated data of the ionosondes of Roma and Gibilmanna, the Yearbooks of the ionospheric observatories (since 2003) of Roma and Gibilmanna and the bi-monthly bulletins (since 2015) of Ionospheric forecast which are used for radiocommunication services in the HF band (from 2 to 30 MHz) within the geographical area including Central Europe and the Mediterranean Sea.</description>
    <description xml:lang="en" descriptionType="Methods">The validated data from the ionosondes of Rome and Gibilmanna contain the most important ionospheric parameters derived by ionograms by expert operators on a hourly base or more frequently in conjunction with interesting ionospheric phenomena. Usually they are available in the database within 2 months from the measurements. A collection of these measurements is also available in PDF format in the form of Yearbook. Ionospheric measurements by ionosondes are also the base of Ionospheric forecasting tables published on a bi-monthly frequency. They contain graphs and maps to let users evaluate, in advance, the best frequency to use in a HF radio link in the area of Central Europe and the Mediterranean Sea.</description>
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      <geoLocationPlace>Europe</geoLocationPlace>
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      <geoLocationPlace>Europe</geoLocationPlace>
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        <eastBoundLongitude>40</eastBoundLongitude>
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